Type-writing machine.



J. D. DAUGHERTY. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION nun NOV. 16, 1911.

1 81 1 Patented Feb. 27, 1912.

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WITNESSES:

|NVENTDR= 1415 ATTORNEY J. D. DAUGHERTY. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. l6 1911. ///1 u 9 \7/l TNE55E5= Patented Feb. 27, 1912.

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INVENTDR. M M

W k 14:5 ATTORNEY MWTNEEEE= J. D. DAUGHBRTY. TYPE WRITING mwmm.

I APPLICATION FILED NOV. 16, 1911. Q i

3, 1 8,81 1 Patented Feb. 27, 1912.

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ENVENTUQQ JAMES 3D. DAUGHER-T'Y, OF KITTANNING, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIG-NOR T0 UNION TYPE- WRITER COMYANY, OF ILION, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 2'3, 1912.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that 1, JAMES D. DAL'GHERTY, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Kittanning, in the county of Armstrong and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Vi rit-ing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to typewrltmgmachines and more particularly to type act1ons.

My present invention generally stated has the gradual acceleration of t-he type bar as it approaches the printing position andwhich gives a uniform or substantially uniform leverage and dip of the keys throughout the system, but I also provide means for preventing the levers which rock on the fulcrum from jumping away from the fulcrum and for effecting a quick return of the type bar from the printing position.

To the above and other ends which will hereinafter appear my invention consists in the .features of construction, arrangements of parts and combinations of devices to be 7 set forth in the following description and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings wherein like reference characters indicate corresponding parts in the various views, Figure 1 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken fore and aft of the machine and centrally thereof, the view showinga suflicient number of parts of a typewriting machine to illustrate my invention in its embodiment therein. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary diagrammatic plan view of the actuating devices for a number of type bars, the type bars being omitted. Fig. 3, is a fragmentary diagrammatic front elevation showing portions of a number of the type actions. Fig. 4 is a bottomplan view partly in section showing four key levers and the associated sub-levers, the section being taken on the line w-w of Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrow at said line. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary front elevation with parts in section of a key lever, sub-lever and actuating link.

I have shown my invention embodied in the present instance in a front-strike typewriting machine, though from certain aspects of the invention it may be embodied in other styles of typewriting machines.

The frame of the machine comprises a base 1, corner posts 2 and a top plate 3. Key levers at of the second order are all fulcrumed on a fulcrum bar 5 fixed to the base of the machine and may if desired be guided by suitable guide combs 5 and 5 As will be seen from an inspection of Fig. 2 all of the key levers are fulcrumed in a straight line extending transversely of the machine. The key levers have a fanning arrangement and project forwardly to different distances in the keyboard where they are provided with finger keys 6, 7 8 and 9, the finger keys 6 being connected to the shortest key levers and such keys being arranged in a rear bank. The keys '2' are connected to the next longest key levers and these are all arranged in the second bank of keys and so on, the keys 9 being connected .to the longest key levers. Contractile returning springs 10 are connected to the key levers, each spring being connected. at one end to a plate 11 and at its opposite end to a key lever. An upwardly extending ear or projection 12 is formed on each key lever, the various projections extending in a straight line across the machine as indicated by the dotted line y in Fig. 2. An angular sub-lever, designated as a whole by the reference numeral 13, is pivoted at 14 to each of the key levers. These angular sub-levers are preferably formed of two thin plates 15 (see Fig. 5) which are alike in outline and are riveted together at 16 so as to form in eflect a single piece sub-lever. The plates 15 which constitute the. sub-levers are spaced apartat 17 to receive the ear 12 on the associated key lever, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. The plates are also separated at 18 to receive one end of a pull link 19 pivoted to each sub-lever at 20. Except at 17 and 18 the plates 15 of each sub-lever are held in contact with each other by the rivets 16 which unite the plates.

Each of the sub-levers comprises a rearwardly extending rocker arm 21 arranged above av substantially horizontally disposed fulcrum plate 22 fixed to the frame of the machine. Each arm 21 has a curved contact tread 23 which is adapted to bear with a rolling action on the upper side of the fulcru m plate 22. A rearwardly extending rocker arm 24 is likewise provided on each angular sub-lever, such arm extending beneath the fulcrum plate '22 and having a contact face or tread 25 adapted to 006perate with the fulcrum plate on the under side thereof. It will be understood therefore thateach sub-lever is in the nature of a bifurcated lever, thetwo arms 21. and 24 7 formed by the bifurcation being substane pull links 19', which extend rearwardly from the upright arms of the sub-levers, are-segmentally arranged to correspond to the segmental arrangement of a series of type bars 27, each type bar'being pivoted at 28 to a type bar segment 29. The type bars are 1: us pivoted toswing upwardly and rearwardly and to strike against the front face of a platen 30 carried by a carriage in the usual manner and diagrammatically illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3. The rear end of each link 19 is pivoted at 31.to the heel of the associated type bar whereas the forward end of'the link is connected to the associated sub-lever as hereinbefore explained, the sub lever being arranged beneath the type bar and forward of the pivot thereof. By this -construction a forward movement 'of the arm 26 from normal position moves the type bar tothe printing point by a-forward pull on the link 19. I

. From an ins ection of Fig. 2 it will be observed that the sub-levers 13'have afanning arrangement or are arranged in diverging planesat the sides of the machine which correspond to the diverging, arrangement of the key levers so that each sub-lever moves in the same plane as its associated key lever. It will also be observed that the upright arms 26 of the sub-levers are devoid of lateral bends. It will be understood therefore that by connecting the sub-levers to the diverging key levers in the manner shown the width of the system of sub-levers at the upper ends of the upright arms 26 thereof corresponds substantially to the width of the system of type bars, so that substantially a v as direct fore and aft pull is effected from the upper end of each sub-lever to the corresponding type bar and side or lateral strain on the parts is reduced to a minimum.

From an inspection of Fig. 2 it will be observed that the fulcrum plate 22 which is received between the rocker arms 21 and connected at one end to akey lever and atits opposite end to a perforated eat 35' formed on the arm 21 of the associated sub lever and that the ends of each spring are moved away from each other duringvthe depression of the associated finger key.

From a' consideration of Figs. 1' and 4 it will be observed that the rocker arms 21 have cut-outs 36 therein intermediate the free ends of the arms and the point of connection between the sub-lever and the key lever, or the point where power is applied to actuate the sub-lever. These cut-outs vary for different sub-levers so as to vary the length of the treads 23 or terminate the forward portion thereof at different oints,

the forward termination of each 0 treads being indicated at 37. By this arrangement the extent or rocking act-ion of difl erent sub-levers on their treads 23 varies. Moreover, it will also be observed that, the sub-lever arms 21 gradually increase in length from the center to the sides of the system. In other words, the arms 21 increase in length at the same ratio that the upright arms 26 increase in length from the center to the sides of the system; By

this arrangement the lever arms 21 are increased in length proportionately to the such arms 26 as the sides of the system are approached. Furthermore, it will be; observed from an inspection of Fig. 1 that the initial point of contact between the rolling contact faces 23 on the lever arms 21 varies with the difierent sub-levers. In short, the point of initial contact of the treads 23 on the fulcrum plate extends gradually nearer the rear of the machine'as the sidesof the system are approached. Bythis arrangement and byv the variation in the lengths of the tread, hereinbefore referred to, I am enabled to provide a uniform dip of keys and a uniform leverage throughout the system without affecting the easy start provided at the first part of the key depression and the gradual acceleration'of the type bar in its movement to the printing position. In order to indicate this acceleration I have shown a key 7 in five different positions as indicated at a, b, c, d and e and these different positions are spaced at equal distances apart. The positions assumed by the type bar at these different pointsv in the depression of the key are indicated at a, b, c, d and 0. It will be seentherefore that sub stantially three-quarters of the key stroke is required to move the type bar from the positions shown at a to that indicated at d,

whereas the movement of the type bar from the position indicated at d to the printing I position indicated at e is efiected at the last quarter of the key stroke.

' The variation in length of the different key-levers is compensated for by the variation in the length of the contact treads 23. Thus from an inspection of Fig. 4 it'will be seen thatthe sub-lever for the shortest key lever of the group shown has the shortest tread, the forward terminal 37 of such sublever being nearest the rear of the. machine, whereas the sub-lever for the longest key lever has an extent of tread which extends throughout, or substantially throughout, the length of the lever arm 21 and so on. The other treads 23 are varied in proportion to the length of the key levers which are cooperative with thes'ub-levers carrying such treads. There being four lengths of key evers'throughout the system it will be seen from Fig. 4 that the treads 23 have four different lengths to compensate for the difierencein leverage due to the variation in the length of the key levers. It will be seen therefore that the variation in the treads 23 compensates for the variation in the lengths ofthe key levers, whereas the variation in theflengths of the lever arms 21 and the variation in the point of initial engagement between said lever arms and the fulcrum,

plate compensate for the variation in the lengths of the upright arms 26, which arms become gradually longer as'they approach the sides of the system, and auniform leverage and a uniform extent of dip of the keys isfprovided throughout the system. It will also be observed that the lever or rocker arms 24 arranged beneath the fulcrum plate 22 vary in length in'accordance with the variation in length of the lever arms 21 in order that the contact edges 25 on the arms 24 may properly coiiperate with the under face of the fulcrum plate.

As a key is depressed he associated sublevcr will be rocked, causing the contact be tween the tread 23 thereon and the fulcrum plate to approach the'point of pivotal connection between the sub-lever and keylever. At the same time the arm 24 of the lever is rocked but it is at all times or substantially at all times, maintained in coiipcrative re-.

lation with the under side of the fulcrum plate 22 without, however, in any manner aflecting the operation of the sub-lever except to insure a maintenance of thecontact tread 23 on the fulcrum plate and prevent the sub-lever from jumping away fromthe fulcrum plate. Moreover, when the type strikes the platen a pressure is exerted by the arm 24 against the fulcrum plate to efiect a quick restoration of the typebar and the actuating devices connected therewith to normal position and. to assure a speedy movement ofthe type'bar away from the toration of the key levers.

case shifting movement between bars'and platen is effected; or whether the position; It will also be seen that printing efiected bythe springs 33 tends to the pull pull and maintain the arm 21 of the associated sub-lever down on the fulcrum plate and to lift the associated key lever to restore it and the type bar to normal position. As the points of connection at opposite ends of a spring 33 are separated during the.depres'- sion of a key, the pull of the spring is exerted at all times to restore the parts to normal position. t In practice the spring 33 may be found to be sufiicientto restore the key levers to normal position, though I prefer, as a matter of precaution, to employ the restoring springs .21 to assure the proper res- It will be observed that I have shown two types on a bar in the present instance and while from certain aspects of my present invention it is immaterial how many types are carried on a bar; or whether .a relative the type platen or type bars be shifted, nevertheless,

'it will be understood that the construction 1s such that it readily lends itself to a machine in which the type 7 change the case position of the bars relatively to the platen.

Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent, is I 1. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar; a finger key; and intermediate actuating connections between said, finger key and type bar, said connections comprising an actuating lever having two rocker arms, and a fulcrum plate intermediate said rocker arms and against which both of said rocker arms bear.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar; a key lever; and intermediate actuating connections between said key lever and type bar, said connections comprising a sub-lever having two rocker arms, and a fulcrum plate intermediate said rocker arms and against which both of said rocker arms bear.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar; a finger key; and intermediate actuating connections between said finger key'and type bar, said connections comprising an actuating lever having bar segment is shifted to two rocker arms, a fulcrum plate intermev nation of a type bar; a key'lever; a sub lever operatively connected with said key lever, said sub-lever having two rocker.

arms; a fulcrum plate between said rocker arms and against which both of said arms bear; and a pull link between the sub-lever and type bar.

5. Ina front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of an upwardly and rearwardly striking type bar; a key lever of the second order; a sub-lever pivoted directly to said key lever, said sub-lever having two rocker arms; a fulcrum plate between said arms and with which said arms coiiperate; and means for connecting said sub-lever and type bar.

6. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of an upwardly and rearwardly striking type bar; a key lever of the second order; a sub-lever arranged forward of the pivoted end of the type bar and pivoted directly to said key lever, said sublever having two rocker arms; a fulcrum plate between said arms and with :which said arms cooperate; and a pull link connecting said sub-lever and type bar. 7 In a typewriting machine, the combination of a'type bar; a key lever; and intermediate actuating connections between said key lever and type bar, said connections comprising a sub-lever having two rocker arms, a fulcrum plate intermediate said rocker arms and against which both of said rocker arms bear, and a contractile returning spring connected at one end to said key lever and at its other end to one of said rocker arms.

8. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination of an upwardly and rearwardly striking type bar; a key lever; a

sub-lever pivoted directly to said key lever,

said sub-lever having two rockerarms; a fulcrum plate between said arms and against which both of said arms bear; means for connecting said sub-lever and type bar; and a contractile returning spring-connected at one end to said key lever and at its other end to one of said rocker arms.

9. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination-of an upwardly and rearwardly striking type bar; a key lever of the second order; a sub-lever arranged forward of the pivoted 'end of the type bar and pivoted directly to said key lever, said sublever having two rocker arms; a fulcrum plate between said arms and with which said arms cotiperate; a pull link directly. connecting said sub-lever and type bar; and a contractile returning spring connected at one end to one of said rocker arms and extending downwardly and rcarwardly therefrom to the key lever to which the other end of said springv is connected.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a series of upwardly and rearwardly swinging type bars; a series of key levers; intermediate actuating connections between said key levers and type bars, said connections comprising a series of sub-levers plate between saidrocker arms and against which both of said rocker arms bear to afford an acceleration of each type bar in its movement to printing position and a quick return of the type bar.

11. In a typewriting. machine, the combination of a series of upwardly and rearwardly swinging type bars; a series of fanning key levers; intermediate actuating connections'between said key levers and type bars, said connections comprising a series of sub-levers that have a fanning arrangement which corresponds substantially to the fanning arrangement of the key levers, and each of'said sub-levers having two rocker arms; and a fulcrum plate between said rocker arms and with which the rocker arms are cooperative.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a series of upwardly and rearwardly swinging type bars; a series of key levers of the second order; intermediate actuating connections between said key levers and type bars, said connections comprising a series of sub-levers pivoted directly to said key levers and each having two rocker arms; and a fulcrum plate between said rocker arms and with which the rocker arms are coiiperative one on the top and the other on the bottom of said fulcrum plate to afford an acceleration of each type barin its movement to printing position and a quick return of the type bar.

'13. In atypewriting machine,-the combi nation of a series of upwardly and rearwardly swinging type bars; a series of fanning key levers of the-second order; inter- 1 mediate actuating connections between said key levers and type bars, saidconnections comprising a series of sub-levers pivoted directly to said key levers and having a fanning arrangement which corresponds substantially to the fanning arrangement of the key levers, each of said sub-levers being provided with two rocker arms, a fulcrum plate between said rocker arms and with which the rocker arms are cooperative, and a series of links interposed between said type bars and sub-levers. I

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination'of a series of upwardly and rearbetween said rocker arms and with which the rocker arms are cotiperative, a series of links interposed between said type barsand ,ing arm,

oreen sub-levers, and a series of contractile returnmg springs each connected at one end to one of said rocker arms and connected at the other end to a key lever.

15. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a series of upwardly and rearwardly' swinging type bars; a series of fanning key levers; a series of sub-levers arranged forward of the pivoted ends of the type bars and pivoted directly to said key levers, said sub-levers having a tanning arrangement which corresponds substantially to the fanning arrangement of the key levers, and each sub-lever having two rocker arms; a fulcrum plate between the rocker arms and wit-hwhich the rocker arms cooperate; pull links connecting the type bars and sub-levers; and contractile "returning springs each connected at one end to a sub: lever and at its other end to a keylever.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a series of type bars; a series of finger keys; and intermediate actuating connections between the finger keys and type bars, said actuating connections comprising levers each having a rocking arm, said rocking arms having. tread portions extending for only a part of their lengths thereof, the remainder of said arms being cut away variable extents between said treads and the pivotal ends of said arms, and a fulcrum plate on which said treads rock, the tread portions being normally in contact with the fulcrum plate near the free ends of the arms and terminating at the opposite ends of the treads at varying points depending on the extents of the cut-outs.

17. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar; a key lever of the second order; and intermediate actuating connections between the key lever and type bar, said actuating connections comprising a sub-lever pivoted to said key lever intermediate the ends thereof and having a rocka fulcrum plate on which said arm rocks, the tread of the arm extending for only a portion of the arms length and normally bearing near its free end on said plate and the rocking arm being cut away between its tread portion and the point of pivotal connection with the key lever, todetermine the extent of rocking motion that the sublev'er has on its fulcrum.

18g In a typewriting machine, the combination of a series of type bars; a series of finger keys; intermediate actuating connections between said finger keys and type bars, said connections comprising a. series of levers each having a rocker arm to rock on the fulcrum of said lever and afi'ord an accelerated movement of the associated type barf inits approach to the printing position,

, said rocker arms having cut-out portions of tie varying extents intermediate the free ends thereof and points where power is applied,

to vary the extent of the rocking action of the different levers.

19. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a series of type bars; a series of key levers; intermediate actuating connections between said key levers and type bars, said connections comprising a series of sublevers connected with said key levers and each having a rocker arm to rock on the fulcrum of said sub-lever and afford an accelerated movement of the associated type bar in its approach to the printing position, said rocker arms having cut-out portions of varying extents intermediate the free ends thereof and points of connection between the key levers and the sub-levers, to v vary the extent of the rocking action of the different sub-levers.

20. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a series of type bars; a series of key levers; a series of sub-levers having actuating arms of varying lengths, each of said sub-levers having two rocker arms;

and a fulcrum between said rocker arms and against which both of said rocker arms bear,the length of the rocker arms increasing-proportionately to the increase in the length of the actuating'arms.

21. In a typewriting machine, the combi-' nation of a series of type bars; a series of key levers of varying lengths; a series of sub-levers, each of said sub-levers having two rocker arms; and a fulcrum between said rocker arms and-with which the rocker arms coeperate, the length of the rocker treads varying to compensate for the variation in the length of the key levers.

22. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a series of type bars; a series of key levers of varying lengths; a series of sub-levers having actuating arms of varying lengths, each of said sub-levers having two rocker arms; and a fulcrum between said rocker arms and with which the rocker arms cooperate, the length of the rocker arms increasing proportionately to the increase in the length of the actuating arms, and the rocker treads varying to compensate for the variation in the length of the key levers.

23. In a front strike typewriting machine,

the combination of a series of upwardly and rearwardly swinging type bars adapted to strike against the front face of the ,platen; a series of key levers; a series of intermediate actuating connections between chine, the combination of a series of upwardly andrearwardly swinging type bars adapted to strike against the front face of the platen; a series of key levers; a series of intermediate actuating connections -be tween said key levers and type bars, said connections comprising a series of sub-levers having upright actuating arms that increase in length from the center to the sides of the system, and eachof which sub-levers has two rocker arms; and a fulcrum received between said rocker arms and against which both of said rocker arms bear, the rocker arms increasing in length from the center to the sides of the system to compensate for the variation in the length of the upright actuating arms. 7

25. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination of a series of upwardly and rearwardly swinging type bars adapted to strike against the front face of thepl'aten; a series of key levers that vary in length; a series of intermediate actuating connections between said key levers and type bars, said connections comprising a series of sub-levers having upright actuating arms that increase in length from the center to the sides of the system, and each of which sub-levers has two rocker arms;

' the key levers.

Signed at Kittanning, in the county of Armstrong and State of Pennsylvania, this 9th day of November, A. D. 1911.

JAMES D; DAUGHERTY.

Witnesses:

' MARGARET FEOHTER,

PAUL L. MCKENRICK. 

